E-BIKE CLASSES EXPLAINED
E-bikes in the United States are grouped into three categories called “classes.”
These classes help organize how each type of e-bike works and where it can be used.
The goal of this page is to explain the differences clearly and practically.
1. Class 1 — Pedal Assist Only
Class 1 e-bikes provide assistance only when the rider is pedaling.
The motor stops helping once the bike reaches 20 mph.
Typical features:
- no throttle
- smooth and natural assistance
- allowed on most bike paths and shared-use trails
This class is often chosen by riders who prefer a simpler, bicycle-like experience.
2. Class 2 — Pedal Assist + Throttle
Class 2 e-bikes can assist in two ways:
By pedaling or by using a throttle, which can move the bike without pedaling.
The maximum assisted speed is also 20 mph.
Common characteristics:
- throttle for easy starts
- useful for relaxed cruising or short commutes
- Often allowed in the same areas as Class 1, depending on local rules
It can be a convenient option for riders seeking greater flexibility.
3. Class 3 — Pedal Assist up to 28 mph
Class 3 e-bikes offer pedal assistance up to 28 mph, making them faster than Classes 1 and 2.
They do not use a throttle in most cases.
Typical uses:
- longer commutes
- riders who prefer higher speeds
- areas where bike lanes are available
Some regions place restrictions on Class 3 bikes, so checking local guidelines may help.
4. Why the Classes Matter
The class system helps riders understand:
- The top speed at which the motor will assist
- whether a throttle is included
- where the e-bike may or may not be used
These distinctions are practical, and most people choose a class based on their comfort level and where they expect to ride.
A Simple Overview to Help You Choose
The classes are not about complexity — they are just ways of organizing how e-bikes work.
Once you understand the differences in speed and assistance, it becomes easier to choose the type that fits your routine.